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Tuesday, March 24, 2009

Oil Futures Contracts A Sound Bet

By Derek Powell

Oil futures contracts are a solid investment, because they give you a variety of options with good risk management strategy. Of all the commodities, light sweet crude oil, commonly used for heating, jet fuel, diesel fuel and gasoline is the most popular around the world. It is commonly traded

With oil futures contracts, you have a legally binding agreement to purchase or sell a particular amount of oil at a certain price at a future time. The price is based on supply and demand at any given time. As the market has shown, supply and demand of oil fluctuates almost daily. Those who invest in future contracts have the option of a cash settlement or having the actual oil delivered to a specified location.

Trading in oil futures contracts is specified in units of barrels. Usually this involves a number of grades, which are used both in the United States and internationally. a standard contract equates to 1000 barrels of oil, but for investment portfolios, the agreement usually relates to 500 barrels of crude oil, i.e. half the size of a standard futures contract

The major exchanges for oil futures contracts are the New York Mercantile Exchange and the Intercontinental Exchange. Trading could be for oil delivery in a few months or several years in the future. Typically, three months is the norm for a contract.

There are several types of oil futures contracts. With a short hedge contract, investors buy futures to sell oil. In a long hedge agreement, investors buy futures to buy oil. Generally, a portfolio would include a mix of both. For several years, there has been increased interest in oil among investors who consider them a viable option to stocks and bonds.

Oil futures contracts are often used in risk management of portfolios. Investors, by buying or selling a security, purchase or sell a future security with the opposite risk. In this way losses and gains counterbalance each other and also balance the risk in a portfolio between current and future market prices. It goes without saying that a more balanced a portfolio, the less risk there is for a major loss.

Often times, oil futures contracts are utilized for hedging, particularly among businesses that make products or offer services that use oil, such as a utility company or an airline. But it's difficult to set a price for these products or services because oil prices change so frequently. Buying or selling future contracts for the commodity helps to minimize the risk and address constant fluctuations with oil prices.

Speculation is a major part of the makeup of the market where it relates to oil futures contracts. Investors hope to make a profit based on future price levels for the commodity. The major banks make up the majority of the speculators on a daily basis and are key players in the trading market. - 23217

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